The information given below does not contain health advice. If you are considering this procedure, you should consult a doctor. Click here to see the health facilities and doctors providing this service on the HealthTürkiye portal.

 

 

What is IVF?

In cases where pregnancy cannot be achieved naturally, couples can have a child by opting for in vitro fertilization. This method is usually used if pregnancy has not been achieved for more than a year. In vitro fertilization (IVF) or microinjection (ICSI) is used to fertilize eggs.

During conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF), mature eggs are removed from the ovaries and fertilized with sperm in a laboratory. The fertilized egg or eggs are then transferred to the uterus. The IVF cycle usually lasts three weeks, but sometimes these steps can take longer. In the microinjection (ICSI) technique, a single sperm cell from the father-to-be is inserted into the egg cell of the mother-to-be with a fine needle under a microscope, thus achieving fertilization. Especially in male infertility, microinjection can increase the chances of fertilization and pregnancy.

In vitro fertilization (IVF), which has been practiced since the late 1970s, is the most effective assisted reproductive technology that enables individuals with various fertility problems to have children. In vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment, which is used when pregnancy cannot be achieved by natural means, includes various methods, especially vaccination.

 

In which cases is in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment preferred?

• Fallopian tube damage or blockage: Fertilization of the egg or implantation of the embryo in the uterus can become difficult.
• Ovulation disorders: It may be preferred for women with reduced chances of conception due to ovulation problems.
• Endometriosis: IVF can be used when the tissues growing outside the uterus are functional.
• Uterine fibroids: IVF treatment may be considered if tumors in the uterus prevent implantation.
• Previous tubal sterilization or removal: In women who want to conceive, IVF treatment can help to reopen the tubes.
• Impaired sperm production or function: In couples with sperm problems, IVF can help fertilization to take place.
• Unexplained infertility: If the cause of infertility has not been identified, IVF may be an option.
• A genetic disorder: If the expectant parents have genetic risks, IVF may be preferred for genetic testing of embryos.
• Fertility preservation for cancer or other health conditions: If fertility is compromised by cancer treatment or other health conditions, freezing eggs or embryos may be possible with IVF.

 

IVF process

In vitro fertilization generally involves the fertilization of a woman's egg cells and a man's sperm cells in the laboratory and the implantation of the fertilized embryo in the woman's uterus. In vitro fertilization has come a long way since the first successful attempt in 1978.

Step 1: Hormone therapy to stimulate the eggs

During this step, the woman's ovaries are stimulated with hormone drugs. These drugs make them produce more eggs than usual. Hormone therapy is used to help the eggs mature and grow. This process usually lasts for several weeks and regular ultrasounds and blood tests are done to monitor the development of the eggs. This stage allows preparation for the collection of the eggs.

Step 2: Collecting the eggs

The collection of maturing eggs is carried out. The eggs are removed from the woman's ovaries using a special procedure. This is usually done under light sedation or general anesthesia. The eggs are carefully stored in an in vitro fertilization laboratory ready for fertilization.

Step 3: Collection of sperm

At this step, a sperm sample is taken from the man. In some cases, it can be surgically removed directly from the testicles or epididymis. The collected sperm sample is prepared for fertilization in the laboratory.

Step 4: Combining the egg and sperm to achieve fertilization

Eggs collected in a laboratory are combined with sperm. This is usually done in a Petri dish or similar medium. The egg and sperm are brought together and waited for natural fertilization to take place. In conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF), many sperm are added around the eggs, while in microinjection (ICSI) a single sperm is injected into the egg. After fertilization, the embryos are left to develop in the laboratory for several days.

Step 5: Inserting the fertilized eggs into the uterus

At this step, the fertilized eggs or embryos are transferred into the uterus of the expectant mother. The transfer usually takes place within 3 to 5 days after egg retrieval. It is important that the eggs or embryos are properly selected and transferred to the uterus to increase the chances of a successful pregnancy. This is the last step of the IVF treatment and the embryo is expected to attach to the uterus for pregnancy to occur.

Typical side effects after embryo transfer may include

• A small amount of clear or bloody fluid shortly after the procedure (due to cervical swabbing before embryo transfer)
• Breast tenderness due to high estrogen levels
• Mild bloating
• Mild cramping
• Constipation
• Low back and groin pain similar to menstrual pain

Step 6: Pregnancy test

About two weeks after the embryo transfer, a pregnancy test is performed to determine whether a pregnancy has occurred. If the test results are positive, an ultrasound scan will be performed about 10 days later to check the condition of the gestational sac.

 

Factors affecting success in IVF treatment

• Age of the expectant mother: Younger expectant mothers are more likely to get pregnant with IVF and give birth to a healthy baby.
• Embryo condition: Embryo quality and development affect the success of pregnancy. Selecting embryos of good quality can increase success.
• Previous childbirth: Women who have given birth before are more likely to conceive with IVF than women who have never given birth.
• Infertility: Another factor affecting IVF success is the infertility. Some causes of infertility, such as severe endometriosis, reduce IVF success, while having a normal egg supply can increase IVF success.
• Lifestyle: Bad lifestyle habits such as smoking, alcohol consumption and obesity can negatively affect IVF success. Women who smoke can retrieve fewer eggs and have a higher risk of miscarriage. Obesity can also reduce the chances of getting pregnant and having a healthy pregnancy.

These are important factors that may influence the success of IVF treatment and should be considered in planning and evaluating the success of treatment.

 

Why choose HealthTürkiye?

Türkiye has become a sought-after destination for medical tourism, thanks to its well-established healthcare system and highly trained medical professionals. HealthTürkiye, an official representative of the Türkiye healthcare system, has been authorized by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Türkiye to assist international travelers seeking medical care in Türkiye. USHAŞ is a government-affiliated organization that makes it easier for international travelers to get the right direction and guidance for medical services. HealthTürkiye offers specialized services to guide patients from all over the world in accessing top-quality medical services in Türkiye.

HealthTürkiye provides a wide range of medical facilities and advanced technology to ensure that patients receive the best possible care. The organization collaborates with the foremost hospitals in the field to develop personalized treatment plans for each patient, considering their specific needs and preferences. The medical professionals at these hospitals are highly trained and experienced, ensuring that patients receive safe, effective, and high-quality care.

Building on the achievement of HealthTürkiye, Türkiye strives to position itself as the greatest global center for healthcare services. By prioritizing inclusive and readily available healthcare services, as well as embracing cutting-edge technology and specialized knowledge, Türkiye has emerged as an appealing destination for individuals seeking medical tourism opportunities.

If you would like to benefit from Türkiye's healthcare services, HealthTürkiye will meet you the best medical care.